One of the most common problems come from when you try to get on a metro, bus or tram, because if you don't use a ticket at least, then you can get troubles on dice.
the reason is easy: The tickets are small but on one side it is written: Every time you should punch a new ticket even if you change lines as well. These tickets could be purchased at ticket machines, metro offices, newspaper-stores and some other shops, and can be validated at the entrace of the metro or on buses, trams there are red or orange machines to validate.
About tickets and passes read more here.